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Some final notes on: Electric Eels and WWII, Electric Fish, Computers, and the Future

Studies of electric fish, anatamy, and nerves eventually lead to the discovery that acetylcholine is vital ingredient to the electochemical transmission of nerve impulses. Acetylcholine is broken down by the enzyme cholinesterese and all animals have this both these chemicals. The acetylcholine is transmitted from the presynaptic nerve terminal is metabolized by cholinesterise and this chemical process interacts with the receptors of the postsynaptic membrane. I'm not sure what any of this means except the the nerve impuluse is transmitted electrochemically and that both acetylcholine and cholinesterise are involved.

Electric Eels have a much higher (1000 of times higher) percentage of cholinesterse which is probably they can release electric charges up to 600 volts strong. During World War II, electric eels were studied to try to find an antidote to nerve gas. Nerve gas prevents the transmission of nerve impulses from being passed from one nerve to another. The theory was that the electrochemical activity could be induced by the eels much stronger enzyme. According to the recording, at the Brooklyn aquarium they succeeded in finding an antidote, but it was not need as the use of nerve gas was banned by both sides.

There are number of electric fish being studied around the world today. Some have release strong electric charges (mostly predators) and some emit weak electric charges. The weak electric fish emit a continuous electric current that acts as their eyes, ears, and mouths. Even in murky water they know what other fish are around them and what objects are in their way. >p> These fish emit an electric current from their tails and have receptors along their body that recieve the current back. This current bounces off objects around them and the changed impulse is processed by their brains to give them a clear "picture" of their surroundings. Each type of electric fish has its own frequency and the same type of fish communicate with each other over this frequency.

There are scientists studying how this communications works, Scientists studying how the brain processes the electrical impulses, Scientists using computers to model the behavior of electrical fishes, and scientist studying many other aspects of this fascinating electrical process.

On of the possible future results of these studies is a bionic ear. The way the fish process the electrical impulse have many parallels to the human auditory system. If the scientists can figure out how this works they might be able to build a computerized ear that can convert sound to electrical impulses that the brain can then translate. The same is true of a bionic eye.

Another possible result would be a better understanding of what triggers an epileptic fit and how to better control or even cure epilepsy. There are so many other possibilities, most are not even dreamt of just as Galvani could not have foreseen the progress we have made today when he first proposed animial electricity.

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