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Ian Stewart

Final Reflection for Topic 2

What would you do differently in terms of process or content?

For process: I think I would have tried to manage my time better. I spent too long on research and didn’t always seek out new information and instead found a lot of confirming information. I definitely could have adjusted my research technique to get more specific information instead of just broader details.

For content: I would try to add the ability to add a personal message with the postcard to make it more like a real postcard and have a better user experience. I also would add links to resources. I think having a blog or social media style area for people to share their personal experiences with fracking would also be an effective addition. 

What did you learn?

First, I learned a lot about the technical process of fracking and how gas and oil are extracted from the Earth. It’s a very complex process that involved massive amounts of water, chemicals, and a sand/silicon mix.

Second, I learned a lot about the damages fracking causes. From groundwater contamination, to earthquakes, water scarcity, methane emissions, carbon emissions from storage and transportations, habitat loss from infrastructure for transportation, human health impacts, chemical waste disposal, to more, fracking is extremely harmful to the environment. 

Lastly, I learned about aspects that make an effective postcard. It’s not something I ever would have looked into, but it was very interesting to sift through postcards and notecards to see which ones caught my eye and which didn’t.

What feedback did you receive? Any reflections on critique itself?

As far as the critique itself, I was nervous to present my project for critique. I’m still not as confident about my artistic skills, so I was wary to share my postcards. I’m glad that I did though, since I find embracing that nervousness is the only way to build confidence for future critiques.

I received a mix of feedback. Some was positive like the overall design was nice and the postcards were effective. I also received some, I guess negative isn’t the right word, other feedback about having more of a purpose or audience behind the petition aspect. I definitely think that future iterations of the project could be more geared towards a specific state or politician to have a greater chance of creating change.

What was inspiring? What parts?

I’m not sure inspiring is the right word, but I was very proud of the postcards I designed. I was also really proud of their overall design of the site. I think it looked clean and polished and had a nice interface.

How did your project relate to the original prompts, in terms of critical lens, audience, tone?

Critical lens: I think my critical lens was pretty clear. I think fracking is dangerous and highly problematic. I think that came across in the website both in terms of the intentions and the feeling of the site.

Audience: My audience could have been narrower I think. I had intended it to be for anyone who was familiar with fracking or was concerned about the environment. Ultimately, I think that audience is too broad and is at odds with the petition aspect. Also petitions work best when they are targeted. An effective change might be to have the site as a Petition to Ban Fracking in (for example) Texas. That was it has a higher chance of success.

Tone: I think the tone was also pretty clear and effective. I was going for a mix of serious and satire. The postcard is poking fun at a very serious topic. I think the tone of the petition part definitely is more serious. 

How did you balance research and experimentation? Which is easier for you? How can you focus more on the areas that you shy away from?

I spent more time on research than experimentation. I wouldn’t say one was easier or harder than the other. They were both important, and I enjoyed different aspects of each. I wouldn’t say I shied away from either, but I spent too long researching and should have cut that off earlier to start experimenting. 

Final for Topic 2

Here are the links for all of the aspects of my final project!

//Matrices

//Interviews

//User Tests

//Daily Practice: First Post | Second Post

//Janky Prototypes

//Systems Maps and Analysis

//Slides

//Site

 

//Bibliography:

6, Renee Cho |June, et al. “The Fracking Facts.” State of the Planet, 29 July 2014, https://news.climate.columbia.edu/2014/06/06/the-fracking-facts/.

Amy Mall Bemnet Alemayehu, et al. “Reduce Fracking Health Hazards.” NRDC, 21 July 2021, https://www.nrdc.org/issues/reduce-fracking-health-hazards.

April 19, 2019 Melissa Denchak. “Fracking 101.” NRDC, 13 Apr. 2022, https://www.nrdc.org/stories/fracking-101.

Lohan, Tara. “We’re Just Starting to Learn How Fracking Harms Wildlife .” The Revelator, 16 July 2020, https://therevelator.org/fracking-wildlife/.

“Potential Health and Environmental Effects of Hydrofracking in the Williston Basin, Montana.” Case Studies, 15 Feb. 2019, https://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/health/case_studies/hydrofracking_w.html.

“Sign the Petition.” Change.org, https://www.change.org/p/ban-fracking-before-it-s-too-late.

Interviews for Topic 2

I interviewed Richard, an expert in the field of fracking and a professor of environmental law. 

Question 1:

Why do companies engage in fracking?

Answer 1:

Essentially it’s all about profit. Natural gas is a very profitable resource. Big natural gas companies can afford to go to relatively poor communities, buy cheap land at a slight premium, and turn a huge profit.

 

Question 2:

What are the key issues when it comes to fracking?

Answer 2:

Well there are several. First and foremost is water usage. Fracking uses incredible amounts of water. In areas like Texas, where water is more scarce, it puts a strain on the whole water system. Hundreds of millions of dollars are being put towards researching the issue of water in Texas and fracking and oil drilling account for almost half of the water usage that research is attempting to solve. Second is leaks. Leaking methane is horrible for the environment and is a major contributor to global climate change. There are others as well like ground water pollution, emissions due to transportation, habitat loss from development and infrastructure. The list really goes on.

 

Question 3:

Why did we start fracking to begin with?

Answer 3:

Putting profit aside, natural gas was original seen as a potential bridge fuel between non-renewable and renewable energy. It burns relatively cleanly with minimal emissions. The main issue is that these pockets of natural gas, shales, are hidden deep underground in rock formations. You essentially need to blast them apart to even get to the gas. Fracking was the most effective method, but it comes at an unsustainable cost to both the local and global environments. 

 

Question 4:

Do you think a ban on fracking would ever be possible?

Answer 4:

I think the transition away from fossil fuels is inevitable, but in the short term? Not likely. There’s too much money in the oil and gas industry and millions of people rely on jobs in those industries. 

User Tests for Topic 2

I had a few friends user-test my site. There initial insights were:

-The postcard doesn’t look good/bad color choice

-The site layout was confusing

-Not enough information or reason to care

-No hook for the site

I adjusted the postcards and made changes to the site layout to address some of those issues. Their second round of feedback was:

-Postcard is much better! Need more

-Layout is better but could still use work on colors, font, and feeling

-Still needs more information about fracking 

I added a landing page style popup to try to address their feedback, add a hook, and supply more information. I still think more information links are needed to complete the site, but don’t have enough time at the moment to add them.

Topic 2: Development Update

I have a site in development which works as a submission for a ban fracking petition with a fun twist.

I initially wanted to do a sort of fracking “game” where the player needed to manage a fracking site and have to make certain decisions that were restricted or overrided based on the gas companies profit goals. For example, they would be face with a dilemma like gas leaking into ground water and be given the costs of repairing. If the player declines to repair it and leaves it to a government agency to clean up they get a bonus from their employers. If they go the other route they are told that the company won’t allow them to continue with that route. Ultimately the idea was too complex to be feasible given the project timeline.

For the petition submission, I’m hoping to add additional resources or a menu of sorts where visitors can get more information about the damage fracking causes. I’m not sure that I’ll have time to add it to the site, but it’s a next step in the site development.

I’m also hoping to have 3 total postcards (currently have 1) but I may not have time.

Last, the submission itself doesn’t collect any data. I’m going to keep it that way since this is just a project for this class, but the next steps would be to add a database and utilize an email API (such as sendgrid or similar) to handle the emailing of the postcards.

Publics and Counterpublics

TV Show: RuPaul’s Drag Race

Creator

RuPaul (Rupaul Andre Charles)

Created for:

Primarily – at least in the beginning, now it’s more mainstream – for gay men/drag queens and people interested in/passionate about drag culture.

Materials:

Television (Video, Audio, etc)

Metaphors:

Pageant 

Impact:

It caused a lot of cis/heteronormative people to become more interested in LGBTQ+ communities/allyship. It also brought drag culture to the mainstream and helped drag earn more respect as an art form/mode of self expression.

How was this impact created:

The show became very popular because of the personalities of the drag queens and the competition format. Having a beauty pageant also promoted the idea of drag queens as beautiful which shifted the way people viewed the marginalized community.

Did it form a public/couterpublic:

I think that a counterpublic (drag) became more of a public as a result of the show. The drag community itself remains a counterpublic, but the show has a massive fanbase which brings it more into a public sphere.

Janky Prototypes

Flammable Fracking water as a product.

A “Go Frack Yourself” with middle finger looking fracking rig as a postcard.

Ideas, Arrangements, Effects

Idea: Fracking is bad.

Arrangement: A leaking fracking rig.

Effect: Flammable ground water.

Change: Remove all of the screws from the fracking rig. You can’t frack without screws.