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Jaye Cho

Daily Practice 6

What are some possible ways to pave a future? Here are some examples from this year or recent years.

  1. Oregon State: Educating all students about the usage of other symbols similar to the Nazi Swastika, such as the 卍。
  2. How do we deal with current events and hate crimes involving the Swastika symbol though?
  3. How sensitive should we be about the Nazi Swastika, considering a lot of decorative patterns can look similar to it.
  4. Is the art world a safe space to use the Swastika for critical thinking purposes?

Daily Practice 5

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But maybe we should just accept the genocide was just too horrifying and evil to ever be forgotten about, and do what the Native Americans did. But then, if using the same standard, I feel like I can also find many other things and symbols that we should all cancel globally if we treat all historical tragic with equal respect. Equal cancellation.

Daily Practice 4

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Acknowledging the fact that is still many swastika-associated hate groups out there. However, does this mean all cultures and societies should censor themselves with the symbol? Afterall, Hitler was a borrower of the symbol, not the inventor.

Daily Practice 3

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Sometimes, it’s hard to not see the cancellation of 卍 as a result of cultural hegemony. This is an example of how the historical tragedy and value judgment from the West is being prioritized as the global standard, while others are being treated as a local issue. With the influence of Hollywood films, the history of the States and Europe is often better known by the rest of the world compare to any other country’s domestic history.

Daily Practice 2

I continue my journey into the usage of the symbol in society. Continuing from Buddhism, I shift my focus to the usage of the character 卍 in Japanese society. It is more than a Buddhist symbol, although it’s definitely a part of it. I first realized the symbol is actually being canceled during my year abroad in Japan.

Apparently, too many western tourists had complained about the use of the Buddhist symbol on maps to represent temples. After some debate, the government decided to change the symbol on all maps, which then triggered a huge debate in Japanese society, as people are very used to it as a Buddhism symbol, and now that it’s somewhat decided to be removed because of western tourists’ confusion.

Over the years, the Buddhist symbol has also become a trendy “cool” symbol. Original with the meaning of blessing, young Japanese adopted the symbol to represent something “cool” “joyful” and “positively shocking.” In several manga and anime, the main characters who represent the good and heroic side are often associated with this symbol.

The symbol is even chosen as the most popular internet slang among Japanese high school girls in 2016, with the American-influenced “BFF” coming in 7th place.

 

 

 

Daily Practice 1

My topic is something to do with the conflict of using the Swastika symbol in modern-day society due to the fact Hitler adopted the symbol and used it for evil.

This is a wide and complicated topic, and I aim to understand it better from all perspectives. To start, I started from where I’m most familiar with, its association with Buddhism.

 

The format I’m using for daily practice is to draw and collage directly on the iPad. I’m very new to the iPad, as I’ve been a little bit conservative and old school when it comes to drawing, and have only tried out the iPad for the first time two months ago. Recently download the drawing app, I am still very beginner with all the functionalities, and thought the daily practice is a good place for me to do some exercise about it as well.

 

Post-Mortem Reflection: Puppets

What did you learn?

I learn about the research process. It sounded obvious in the beginning, but having done some academic research in the past, I thought it would be the same. However, it was an interesting creative experience to start with a broad and vague topic “puppet” and learned to narrow it down to a topic like “puppet leadership,” it was not as simple and straightforward as I originally imagined.

What feedback did you receive? Any reflections on critique itself?

In terms of technicality, I have advised the shots can be from more diverse angles. There are also suggestions on making it slower, and easier to understand, as well as cutting to the point a little bit faster in the beginning as it was unclear at first. There are some suggestions of things to fix that were actually a part of my intentional plan, and so while I appreciate the feedback, I’m not sure I will want to change it. For instance, some of the information pass by fast, and sometimes the audience has to rely on the subtitles to understand things, it was sort of my experience as an ESL speaker, as well as my experience with infomercial growing up. Sometimes, things go by so fast, you have to wait and rewatch the whole thing again and again to get it. So, while it might irritate the audience a little, I think I would choose to keep the pace and the intention of using subtitles. Reflection of the critique itself, it wasn’t very lively, to be honest, I wish to hear a more direct critical voice from my classmates.

What might you do differently in terms of process or content?

I agree there can be more diversity in the shots I shoot, it can make the call to action a lot stronger. I also agree to take more risks in terms of the ideas or statements I’m trying to deliver. How exactly does it mean to take more risk, I’m not sure, but I agree that’s what I need to do more of.

What was inspiring? What parts?

I think the whole brainstorming process as well as all the turns I’ve taken before arriving at the final end result. The process of this project really taught me the ability to expand my horizons and not narrow to what I assumed and already know. Also that any topic can be a potentially interesting topic.

Revisit the assignment prompts: how did your project relate to the original prompts, in terms of critical lens, audience, tone, etc…
How did you balance research and experimentation? Which is easier for you? How can you focus more on the areas that you shy away from

I read the prompts several times carefully during the project of making the final video, so I would hope the result alines with the expectations pretty closely. It was hard to balance between research and experimentation for sure, very hard to not get into a “lecturing” mode with the project, especially after learning so much about it during the research stage. Learning to narrow down during the end of the research stage is definitely the hard part for me, and the experimentation part was fun. I was new to video editing, so was excited to try out all the things I just learned recently. In order to focus more on the areas that I shy away from, I think more intense and concrete research in a specific area is required. I don’t feel comfortable delivering information on things that I’m not completely confident of being somewhat of an expert on. Aside from the information, I also tend to shy away from things that might offend certain people. I often ended up making things way too vanilla as I sometimes get over-considerate of being politically correct. Sometimes, it’s all just in my head, and while logically I know art should be a safe space to make provocative things, rationally I often feel hesitate to do it. Hopefully, I can just learn to do it more and more over time.

Skin/Puppets Final – Infomercial on Puppet

Guide

This is the cover page of the infomercial video.

Here’s the link to the actual video:  https://vimeo.com/758390110/9bc6404165

Research

I started up my research really focusing on the actual history of puppetry, and then I went into puppet usage and its importance in child development and psychology research. However, I landed on focusing on the political ideology aspect of Puppets, specifically the puppet rulers, puppet leaders, and puppet governments. I was curious if there are specific rules on what qualified a ruler as a puppet, and was surprised to see the variety of explanations and debates on this topic, especially in the realm of international relations. I then dig into historical leaders that are considered classic examples of puppets, such as Pu-Yi and Philippe Pétain. I also found some interesting case studies with controversial debates, such as whether Hitler should be considered as a dictator or a puppet. Later on, I got into the larger issue of what puppet politics might look like in practice, as well as the danger of it. I specifically focused on post-colonial Africa and post-Soviet Eurasia and the crisis caused by puppet leadership. I got more in-depth with reading on the “indirect rule” in African countries under European control, and how those resulted in tragic events such as the Rwandan genocide.

When I got to the Rwandan genocide, I realized I’ve gotten too deep into a specific dark area, and while I have a strong passion to discuss such issues, I need to learn to separate the research and the experiment, hence this project itself. I cut back and tried to find the main takeaway point I wish to deliver through a short infomercial I plan to make. Instead of information dumping, I wish to at least help make aware of the serious danger that puppet leadership might cause. However, I also want to convey the difficulty in the reality of identifying a puppet politician. While the infomercial itself promises an easy solution to identify a puppet leader, the real intention is to show how impossible it is.

 

Bibliography

Berkeley Puppet Interviewhttps://vimeo.com/243454256.
De Heusch, Luc. “Rwanda: Responsibilities for a Genocide.” Anthropology Today 11, no. 4 (1995): 3–7. https://doi.org/10.2307/2783105.
Drewes, Athena A., and Charles E. Schaefer. Puppet Play Therapy: A Practical Guidebook. Milton, UNITED KINGDOM: Taylor & Francis Group, 2017. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nyulibrary-ebooks/detail.action?docID=5148621.
“England’s Indirect Rule in Its African Colonies | AHA.”  https://www.historians.org/teaching-and-learning/teaching-resources-for-historians/teaching-and-learning-in-the-digital-age/through-the-lens-of-history-biafra-nigeria-the-west-and-the-world/the-colonial-and-pre-colonial-eras-in-nigeria/englands-indirect-rule-in-its-african-colonies.
First Glimpse of Spitting Image Pits Johnson and Trump against Putin… in the Sauna, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ry-3uatYDJk.
Gross, Joan. Speaking in Other Voices: An Ethnography of Walloon Puppet Theaters. Philadelphia, NETHERLANDS, THE: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2001. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nyulibrary-ebooks/detail.action?docID=623135.
Limited, Alamy. “Coloured Illustration of a Punch and Judy Show with Puppet Heads of Politicians Entitled ‘The Opinion of the Population’. Illustrated by Chanteclair. Dated 6 July 1895 Stock Photo – Alamy.”  https://www.alamy.com/coloured-illustration-of-a-punch-and-judy-show-with-puppet-heads-of-politicians-entitled-the-opinion-of-the-population-illustrated-by-chanteclair-dated-6-july-1895-image481875914.html.
“London Covent Gardens Plaque or Inscription Commemorating Memorial to the 1st Punch & Judy Puppet Puppets Show as Recorded by Samuel Pepys in 1662 Stock Photo – Alamy.”  https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-london-covent-gardens-plaque-or-inscription-commemorating-memorial-35709019.html.
Lutmar, Carmela. “Winners, Losers, and Puppets: Deposed Leaders and Foreign Policy Compliance.” Ph.D., New York University.  https://www.proquest.com/pqdtglobal/docview/305167019/abstract/416C09CA56DE4449PQ/3.
Norman, Andrew. Hitler: Dictator or Puppet? Havertown, UNITED STATES: Pen & Sword Books Limited, 2020. http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nyulibrary-ebooks/detail.action?docID=3007493.
TikTok. “Unreal Keanu Reeves on TikTok.”  https://www.tiktok.com/@unreal_keanu/video/7146204821958217002?is_copy_url=1&is_from_webapp=v1&lang=en.
Victoria and Albert Museum. “V&A · A History of Puppets in Britain.” https://www.vam.ac.uk/articles/a-history-of-puppets-in-britain.
WorldAtlas. “What Is A Puppet Government?,” March 15, 2021. https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-is-a-puppet-government.html.
DBZ Kai Destroyed Scouter Moments, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fy_twK0GBRs.
Wurth, Kiene. “Spitting Image and Pre-Televisual Political Satire: Graphics and Puppets to Screens.” Image and Narrative : Online Magazine of the Visual Narrative 12 (August 1, 2011).

Topic 1 Development Progress – Sketch and Pivoting

As I started trying to draw a map with the topic, I realized the difficulty of transforming information into the metaphor of speculative geography is much harder than expected, since I don’t have a concrete understanding of how Puppet-network works.

 

I just saw Monikia’s advice on considering other sort of maps (family tree, historical “famous persons” portrait map, periodic table”…) that will amplify the topic better, as well as finding the metaphor to use in place. And so I’ll try to sort that issue out first…

Topic 1 (Puppets) Interview

I interviewed my friend, Nicholas Johnson, who’s a Ph.D. student from the University of Chicago, with a research focus on Economic History. He studies the past, structure, consumption, production, exchange, and the change in time. Apart from his research, he also teaches undergraduate classes in philosophy and social sciences. He’s not an expert in Puppet. However, he will be very informative to me to gain the US perspective of things as I did not grow up in the States.

 

What comes to mind when you hear the word “Puppet”?

I guess…like…when you want to say something but you can’t, so you have to pretend to be somebody else that’s small and cute, kinda like ventriloquism.

 

Did you grow up with Sesame Street or any program that utilized puppets as a storytelling tool?

Yes, I grew up watching Sesame Street. I watched it at daycare from age 3-6. 

I remember all the characters, especially the Count, who’s Dracula, and he teaches people how to count. (sidenote: Nicholas was a math major back in undergraduate). 

 

Do you think dolls and stuffed animals can be considered puppets as well?

A little bit different. I think in order to be considered a puppet, you have to have more detailed control of it.

 

Were you ever obsessed with dolls, stuffed animals, or puppets as a kid?

Yes! My favorite stuffed animal as a kid was a seal, i called it Silly. I remember vividly I left it at my grandpa’s house during a weekend, on hour one hour ride home, I wouldn’t stop crying and screaming, so my parents had to drive all the way back to pick up Silly for me. 

 

Describe the image in your mind when you hear the word puppet. 

It’s made of felt fabric, and the entire forearm can fit into it. Looks like Pinocchio, but more ironic and sad, sick and twisted looking. 

 

How would you define the term “puppet leader”?

From a US-centric perspective, leaders wouldn’t have power without us, and can’t contradict our immediate interests and constraints. It doesn’t mean they have to listen to everything we say, but we defined the strict limit of what’s possible for them. 

 

What comes to your mind when you hear the term puppet state?

A classic example would be Eastern Europe during the Cold World, so maybe like Poland.

 

Where do you think these terms come from?

I have no idea…but should be as old as modern theory, so probably 16 century if not earlier. I also assume it’s western, but the same idea might have occurred simultaneously in other parts of the world. 

 

Have you ever felt like a puppet yourself?

No.

 

Do you ever feel the need to control others?

Yes, when somebody might cause self-harm, or when I think somebody is acting irrationally.