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The following books are useful physical computing resources:

Physical Computing: Sensing and Controlling the Physical World with Computers, Dan O’Sullivan and Tom Igoe ©2004, Thomson Course Technology PTR; ISBN: 159200346X
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Includes all the stuff covered in class and lots of advanced examples as well. This book was developed from this course. The code examples in the book are not written for Arduino, but the concepts for each exercise apply to Arduino as well as the microcontrollers described in the book.

Make: Learn Electronics with Arduino: An Illustrated Beginner’s Guide to Physical Computing Jody Culkin and Eric Hagan ©2017,Maker Media; ISBN 978-1680453744
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This book is perfectly paced to cover the electronics in this class. It introduces the basics of electronics, microcontrollers, and Arduino programming with many graphic illustrations and helpful pointers. The authors are both ITP alums and teachers (Jody now teaches at the Borough of Manhattan Community College) and their approach is very much in line with this course.

Making Things Talk 3rd Edition Tom Igoe ©O’Reilly Media/Make, 2017
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A lot of what I know about how to connect devices to networks. This is the third edition, available as of August 2017.  Introduction to communication between computers, including serial communications, wireless, networking, RFID, and more. Though some of the material is beyond the scope of this class, much of it may be useful in understanding computer communications.

Making Things MoveDustyn Roberts ©2010,McGraw-Hill/TAB ISBN-10: 0071741674 | ISBN-13: 978-0071741675
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Dustyn’s book is an invaluable guide to construction of mechanical things. Whether you’re making a simple motor project or a Mars rover, it’s a good place to get started.


Below are recommended texts for the course in general. You have readings from the first three. All of them are good inspirational guides for physical computing and computing in general. They are not assigned, but you’ll find them to be useful reading in physical interaction design.

The Design of Everyday Things, Donald A. Norman ©1990 Doubleday Books; ISBN: 0385267746
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If you design at all, or work with people who do, read this. A lucid approach to the psychology of everyday interaction and how the objects we deal with could be better designed to match the strengths and weaknesses of the way we think. His predictions about physical interaction design and information design, some accurate and some not, are interesting history lessons eleven years after the first edition.

The Art of Interactive Design, Chris Crawford, ©2002 No Starch Press; ISBN: 1886411840
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Written in a very casual style, this book nevertheless is an excellent and concise summary of what interaction design is, why it is important, and what problems it brings with it. Anyone seriously interested in interaction design, physical or not, should read this book.

Emotional Design: Why We Love (Or Hate) Everyday Things Donald A. Norman. Basic books, ©2005. ISBN: 0465051367.
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In this book, Norman counters some of the points he makes in his first book, The Design of Everyday Things, by pointing out that we do make decisions about design based on emotional reasoning, and that design affects us emotionally. He describes Human reaction to design on three levels: the visceral, or how it appears; the behavioral, or how it acts; and reflective, or how it makes us think and feel about ourselves through our association with it.

The User Illusion: Cutting Consciousness Down to SizeTor Nørretranders ©1998 Viking Press; ISBN: 0670875791
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Makes the case that much of our experience of the world does not come to us through our consciousness; in fact, the majority of it dealt with pre-consciously.


The following are good references for electronics hobbyists. Take a look at both, and get one or the other as a general reference, or find an electronics reference of your own.

Getting Started with Arduino, 2nd editionMassimo Banzi ©2011, O’Reilly Media ISBN 10: 0-596-15551-4 | ISBN 13: 9780596155513
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A straightforward beginners’ guide to most of the beginning exercises in this class.

The booklet from the Arduino Starter Kit is also an excellent reference. Scott Fitzgerald, a frequent teacher of this class, was the main author. Starter kit PDF

Make: ElectronicsCharles Platt, © 2009 Maker Media Inc, Sebastapol, CA; 1st edition ISBN: 0596153740.
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Here An excellent intro to electronics. Practical, readable, and enjoyable. Start here.

Make: More ElectronicsCharles Platt, © 2009 Maker Media Inc, Sebastapol, CA; 1st edition ISBN: 0596153740. A follow-up to the first book

Encyclopedia of Electronic Components Volume 1: Resistors, Capacitors, Inductors, Switches, Encoders, Relays, TransistorsCharles Platt, ©2012 Maker Media, Inc, Sebastapol, CA; 1st edition ASIN B00COVJULI.
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A useful reference for all kinds of electronics components.

Getting Started in ElectronicsForrest M. Mims III, ©1983, Forrest M. Mims III
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A very basic introduction to electricity and electronics, written in notebook style. Includes descriptions of the basic components and what they do, and how they relate to each other.

There Are No Electrons: Electronics for EarthlingsKen Amdahl ©1991, Clearwater Publishing; ISBN-10: 0962781592
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A light-hearted introduction to electrical concepts in laypersons’ terms.

Practical Electronics for InventorsPaul Scherz, ©2016, McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing; ISBN: 9781259587542
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A more in-depth treatment of electronics, with many practical examples and illustrations. An excellent reference for those comfortable with the basic topics. The use of plumbing systems as examples to demonstrate electric principles makes for some very clear illustrations of how different components work. Good chapters on sound electronics and motors as well.

Fashioning Technology: a DIY Intro to Smart Crafting Syuzi Pakhchyan. Make books, ©2008. ISBN: 0596514379.
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This book includes a nice introduction to basic electronics and a number of construction projects for simple electronic crafts. The construction techniques are aimed primarily at wearables and soft circuit projects, but they’reuseful for a number of other projects as well.

The Design of Implicit Interactions. Wendy Ju. Morgan and Claypool Publishers, 2015. ISBN-13: 978-1627052672 – https://getit.library.nyu.edu/go/9462334

Bill Verplank’s interaction design sketchbook,  a useful introduction to what is interaction design.

Bill Moggridge’s Designing Interactions book and website. A monster of a work with tons of interviews and case studies about interactive works. A great resource.